• Prof. Daniel A.M. Egbe, Chairperson and CEO of ANSOLE e.V.

Welcome Address

• Prof. Samir Romdhane, ANSOLE cofounder, University Tunis- Elmanar, Tunisia
• Dr. Vidvuds Beldavs, Riga Photonics Centre, Latvia
• Dr. Jerome Ndam Mungwe & Ms Zita Ngagoum Ndalloka, Cohosts of A2IOC 2024

Session 1 Chairperson: Ms Zita Ngagoum Ndalloka

• African Network for Solar Energy: 13 years after!
  • Daniel A. M. Egbe, African Network for Solar Energy, Jena, Germany
• Energy Innovation Hubs to Accelerate Uptake of Renewable Energy Innovations in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Vidvuds Beldavs, Riga Photonic Centre, Riga, Latvia
• Plastic Waste, Inflammation and Cancer: a Global Health Concern
  • Graziella Rubino, Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
• Water and Infectious Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Anna Longdoh NJUNDA, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon & Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany

Session 2 Chairperson: Dr. Jerome Ndam Mungwe

• Improving the performance of solar/diesel microgrids for rural electrification in Burkina Faso
  • Daniel Yamegueu, 2ie, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
• Pan African Citizen Science e-Lab (PACS e-Lab): Fostering Astronomy Engagement in Africa
  • Miracle Chibuzor Marcel, Pan African Citizen Science e-Lab, Obasanjo Space Center, Pyakassa Junction, airport road, Lugbe, Abuja, Nigeria
• Features of current-voltage characteristics of hybrid PV cells based on organic/silicon heterojunctions with plasmonic Au nanoparticles
  • Vadym NAUMOV, Petro SMERTENKO, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
• Simulation and Optimal Modeling of an Air Trigenerator Using Numerical Methods: Finite Element and Finite Volume Methods
  • Emmanuel Biba KALENGO, Mohamed V University of Rabat, Morocco

Session 3 Chairperson: Prof. Daniel Ayuk Mbi Egbe

• Dam Structural Surveillance; Monitoring Parameters to Improve Data Collection as Regards Structural Behavior and Hydraulic Safety
  • Podie Boris Vibife, National Higher Polytechnic Institute, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
• Electrical and Optical Characteristics of UV Light Sensor Based on Polymer/ZnO Nanorods: a Comparative Study
  • Marwa Belhaj, NANOMISENE Laboratory, LR16CRMN01, CRMN of Sousse, Tunisia
• Numerical simulation of an OTC/ED/EA organic heterojunction solar cell based on SCAPS-1D
  • Souleymane TUO, University of Man (U-Man), Côte d’Ivoire
• Simulation of Hydrogen Production Through the Gasification of Peanut Shells under Supercritical Water Conditions: Investigating Effects of Ca(OH)2 Catalyst, Temperature, Pressure, Residence Time, and Economic Viability
  • Souleymane MBAYE, WASCAL Accra, Ghana
• Evaluation of PV Module Output for Bambili Using Estimates of Hourly Irradiance and Temperature
  • Yungho Edickson Bobo, University of Bamenda, Cameroon

Abstract and short bio of the speaker

Reflections on the Precautionary Principle

Guillermo Foladori

• Main public policy instruments for dealing with toxic chemicals.
• Reductionist and Contextual approaches
• Normal and post-normal science
• Cause-effect and the principle of replicability in science

Dr. Guillermo Foladori, professor at the Academic Unit of Development Studies of the Autonomous University of Zacatecas in Mexico is a member of the National System of Researchers of the Mexican Council for Humanities, Science and Technology (Conahcyt), and coordinator of the Latin American Nanotechnology and Society Network (www.relans.org). He currently directs Conahcyt’s Ciencia de Frontera #304320 research project of Conahcyt, which takes a critical look at the development of nanotechnologies.

This panel will present the potential for the ANSOLE Energy Compact that promotes multi-level capacity building (Africa-wide, national, university, and community-level action) to address the extremely urgent need to accelerate access to and effective uses of affordable and reliable energy by communities in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa has nearly 600 million people without access to electricity. It is urgent to speed up electrification as climate change intensifies and AI and other technological advances accelerate, widening the divides between the haves and the left behind, fueling rising costs of instability. Most alarming is that IEA forecasts show that based on present trends, nearly 600 million will still not have access to electricity by 2030 and be poorly equipped to address the worsening impacts of climate change. While the heart of the challenge is Sub-Saharan Africa, where less than 50% of the population has access to electricity, even countries with high access to electricity in Africa face power shedding and other supply disruptions frequently.

Session Overview

This panel will present the potential for the ANSOLE Energy Compact that promotes multi-level capacity building (Africa-wide, national, university, and community-level action) to address the extremely urgent need to accelerate access to and effective uses of affordable electricity by communities in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The ANSOLE Energy Innovation Hub (AEI-Hub) enables the multilevel capacity building to accelerate the achievement of universal access to sustainable, reliable, and affordable energy and its effective use for development for all in Africa.
Speakers will address how ANSOLE and its partners across Africa are building the AEI-Hub to enable acceleration of the pace towards SDG7 in Africa.
AEI-Hub elements –

• ANSOLE sponsored workshops engaging experts, entrepreneurs and mentors with specific expertise and experience to address barriers to more rapid progress towards SD7 for Africa.
• ANSOLE sponsored staff exchanges and mobility to enable collaborating partners to advance shared goals through staff mobility.
• ANSOLE knowledge exchange portal to provide accurate data about research infrastructure and scientific and technical expertise at scientific and technical institutions across Africa to enable sharing of skills and research resources to enable acceleration of the pace towards achievement of SDG7.
• AI tools to empower community leaders and their communities with the knowledge to make effective decisions about energy and other technologies and their financing, deployment and operation in ways that build the capacity of the community to build a better future for the community and its members.

The ANSOLE Energy Innovation Hub (AEI-Hub) enables the multilevel capacity building to enable the acceleration of the achievement of universal access to sustainable, reliable, and affordable energy for all in Africa.
Speakers will address how ANSOLE and its partners across Africa are building the AEI-Hub to enable acceleration of the pace towards SDG7 in Africa.

Inadequate access to necessary knowledge at the community-level to enable decisions about energy technologies, their financing and deployment is a key barrier to achievement of SDG7. Communities empowered with knowledge can take advantage of many existing programs aimed at advancing micro-grid energy systems in Africa, which can be solar, wind, biogas, and small-scale hydro or their combination coupled with effective energy storage. AI tools can help communities to make decisions about matters where the community has little prior experience. ChatGPT and other AI tools can be adapted with Africa-specific data sets and with the capacity to interact orally with community members in vernacular or textual information augmented with the use of video and other multimedia materials.

Lectures

1. Welcome by Daniel A. M. Egbe & Vidvuds Beldavs
2. Energy Innovation Hubs for Africa, Vidvuds Beldavs, Riga Photonics Centre, Latvia
3. Share of Solar Cells Technologies to Ethiopia's Energy Demand and Undergoing Research, Newayemedhin Aberra Tegegne, Department of Physics, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
4. Energy and Water Situation in Rural Communities in CÔTE D’IVOIRE, Joseph Datte, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Felix Houphouet Boigny, CÔTE D’IVOIRE
5. Comparison of two solar cookers for off-grid decentralized rural communities, Ashmore Mawire, Department of Physics, MaSIM, North-West University, Mahikeng, South Africa
6. Energy Transition in Senegal, Allé Dioum, Department of Physics, Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar, Senegal
7. Ghana's Energy Transition: Research & Development of Green Hydrogen as Energy Carrier, Richard Opoku, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
8. Improving Solar Photovoltaic Energy Yield using Bifacial PV module and tracking system: An Analytical Approach, Rahimat Oyiza Yakubu, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
9. La Problematique de l 'accés l 'Energie au Tchad (The Problem of Energy Access in Chad), Michel Boukar, Former Chadian Minister of Petrol and Energy, President of the NGO ACID, Djamena, Chad https://www.ongacid.org
10. The artisanal production of solar panels as a training tool for the appropriation of technology: The case of West Africa, Arouna Darga, Departmant of Physics, University of Paris Sorbonne, Paris, France
11. Empowering African Women and Young girls in Energy and Climate, Zita Ngagoum Ndalloka, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Department of Electrical and Computer engineering, Francis College of Engineering, Lowell, USA
12. African Network for Solar Energy: Applying The Second Law of Thermodynamics in Real Life, Daniel Ayuk Mbi Egbe, ANSOLE e.V. Jena, Germany/MaSIM, North-West University, Mahikeng, South Africa/College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda + Closing Remarks

More info at: https://sciencesummitunga78.sched.com/event/1Nr7H/virtual-pan-african- initiative-to-build-research-and-innovation-capacity-to-achieve-sdg7-for-africa-220901

Organizers

• Dr. Victor Odari, MMUST, Kenya
• Dr. Vidvuds Beldavs, Riga Photonics Centre, Riga, Latvia
• Prof. Samir Romdhane, University of Tunis- El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
• Prof. Daniel A. M. Egbe, ANSOLE e.V. Schillerstrasse 5, 07745 Jena Germany

Scientific Committee

• Dr Victor Odari, MMUST, Kenya
• Prof. Donafologo Soro, Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) d’Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
• Dr. Jean De Dieu Nguimfack Ndongmo, University of Bamenda
• Dr Bello- Pierre Ngoussandou, University of Maroua
• Dr. Hervé Joël Tchognia Nkuissi, University of Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
• Prof. Samir Romdhane, University of Tunis- El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
• Prof. Omolola Esther Fayemi, North- West University, Mahikeng, South Africa
• Prof. Daniel A. M. Egbe, University of Rwanda & North- West University, Mahikeng, South Africa

For more details, please go to: https://scienceusafricaleaders.sched.com/event/1FBlb/meeting-the-challenge-of-universal-access-to-electricity-in-sub-saharan-africa

The session consisted of two segments and aimed to raise awareness of the urgency to build research and academic capacity in Africa, enabling sustainable development targeting SDG7 in Africa. The first segment presented the positions of researchers and academics from Africa’s regions – North, South, East, West, and Central. The needs of electricity access-deficit countries (such as Nigeria, Mozambique, South Sudan, etc.) received particular attention and the need to advance the role of women in research, teaching and professional work was emphasized.
Prof. Sarah Anyang Mbi Agbor, former AU Commissioner for Human Resources, Science and Technology, presented the opening remarks. Prof. Daniel Ayuk Mbi Egbe, Director of ANSOLE led the session and Vidvuds Beldavs, Chairman of the Riga Photonics Centre (ANSOLE Institutional member) overviewed the ANSOLE Energy Compact -: https://www.un.org/en/energycompacts/page/registry#AfricanNetworkforSolarEnergye.V.
The list of speakers included renowned experts and representatives of all African regions, including academics and other stakeholders.
The second segment targeted the international dimension, through discussion on policies and international support for capacity building for SDG7 in Africa. This highly interactive panel provided a global perspective to the issues and opportunities for human resource and research capacity building raised by ANSOLE members at universities in key countries in Africa. Prof. Sarah Anyang Mbi Agbor moderated and led this panel.

Links:
https://ssunga77.sched.com/event/15tjg/pan-african-initiative-to-build-research-and-innovation-capacity-to-achieve-sdg7-for-africa
https://www.un.org/en/energycompacts/page/registry#AfricanNetworkforSolarEnergye.V.

Abstract
Le Tchad, situé en Afrique centrale, est classé 5e pays en Afrique et 20e au monde en terme de superficie dont plus de la moitié (63 %) est désertique. Il subit une avancée rapide de la désertification estimée à une vitesse de 1km/an due à un déficit pluviométrique et au déplacement du sable saharien par la mousson du Nord au Sud, première cause de disparition du Lac Tchad, classé entre les grands lacs d’Afrique. Parmi plusieurs projets en cours pour protéger ce Lac mais très peu mentionnent l’adoption des énergies renouvelables que la région regorge une énorme potentialité inexploitée dont son exploitation demeura écologique et contribuera au développement économique et social, précisément dans la réduction de la pauvreté, l’augmentation du taux d’accès à l’énergie ou l’électrification rurale et urbaine pour les activités agropastorales. Pour remédier à toutes ces problématiques climatiques, nous présentons en premier lieu les causes de la disparition du Lac et en second lieu l’une des solutions écologiques appropriées qui est celle de l’adoption des énergies renouvelables, comme facteurs de développement économique, social et de la protection de l’environnement dans le bassin du Lac Tchad poumon de l’économie et sécurité sous régionale des pays membres de la Commission du bassin du Lac Tchad. 

1NANOMISENE Laboratory, LR16CRMN01, CRMN of Sousse, Tunisia
2Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Chaberska 57, 18251 Prague 8, Czech Republic

Abstract
In recent years researches have been conducted to develop inorganic-organic based nanoarchitectures for self-powered photodetectors which take advantage from the low production costs, high mechanical flexibility, high absorption coefficients and large area production possibility of organic constituents and the high carrier mobility of inorganic material [1, 2]. In this work, we demonstrate a facile way to fabricate hybrid heterojunction photodetector with poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and a 1D ZnO nanorod (NR) arrays as the electron donor and acceptor, respectively. The ZnO NRs were synthesized by a low temperature two-step hydrothermal method on n-type silicon substrate. Graphite and eGaIn were used as ohmic contacts to P3HT film and Si substrate, respectively. Basic electrical parameters for eGaIn/Si/ZnO/P3HT/Graphite structure were calculated from I-V characteristics under dark and various power illuminations. The device exhibits high sensitivity to UV light illumination with a large degree of reproducibility. A short-circuit current Isc of 19.4μA, an open-circuit voltage Voc of 0.24V giving rise to a responsivity of about 21.7 mA/W have been obtained for the illuminated graphite/ P3HT/ZnO NRs/Si/EGa-In structure based near UV light sensor The origin of photoconductivity properties of ZnO/P3HT device has been explained using carrier transport mechanism at interfaces.

[1]A.G.Imer,A. Tombak, and A. Korkut, “Electrical and photoelectrical characteristic investigation of a new generation photodiode based on bromothymol blue dye,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, May 2016, vol. 707, no. 1. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/707/1/012012.

Abstract
Solar cells or photovoltaics abstract irradiation from the sun and convert same to electrical energy by initiating flow of electrons; while plants use photon energy to break water molecule in a light reaction process in the thylakoid membrane. The project is to abstract the electrons so created for current generation before activation of the Kreb cycle. TiO2 serves as the photoanode while carbon serves as the cathode. Short circuit current of 0.030 mAcm-2 was detected on a 0.25 volts leading to an initial efficiency of 0.0513%. The chlorophyll is extracted from tea leaves (Camellia Sinesis) commonly grown in the Mambilla Plateau of Taraba State, Nigeria.

Brief Biography
Godwin Osama Idemudia is a Professor of Renewable Energy, born in Benin City, Nigeria, He attended the university of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria form 1977 to1981 and from 1987 to 1993 where he obtained his BSc (Hons) and PhD respectively. He is currently a lecturer with the Federal University Wukari, and also the Director of the Energy Centre of the University. He has been a Professor for ten (10) years now and has lectured in the university system for over 25 years. He is married with children.

Abstract:
ISSP UL is an internationally recognized leading materials research centre in Latvia and Baltics. Research on material application for energy harvesting and storage is among the main research topics of the institute.
Research priorities in battery materials and technologies includes: (1) novel electrode materials for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries; (2) ageing of Li-ion materials and cells; (3) fundamental research of mass transport in ionic and mixed ionic-electronic materials. Investigated electrode materials include LiFePO4, mixed Li / Na manganese phosphates for cathode and graphene oxide, Fe2O3, TiO2, composite materials for anode.
Our recent studies have been focused on electrochemical properties of LiFePO4 cathode for Li-ion batteries as well as NCM-based commercial cells. We have determined a correlation between material ageing and the overvoltage and thus internal resistance. Ageing of commercial Li-ion battery cells was also studied, finding that the temperature where the longest service life is observed shifts to higher temperatures with increasing rate of charging.
Other recent activities on research of materials and technologies for hydrogen applications include:
• explaining hydrogen technology and economics to students, politicians, and entrepreneurs;
• research of electrode materials for electrocatalytic exhaust CO2 reduction to useful products;
• research for stationary and mobile applications for electricity and heat production.
Acknowledgement: Research project «Cycle life prediction of lithium-ion battery electrodes and cells, utilizing current-voltage response measurements», Agreement No: Nr. lzp-2020/1-0425, funded by Latvian Council of Science.

Biography
Gunars Bajars, Dr.chem. (h-index=7, total citations – 543, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8066- 9633) is a Senior Researcher at the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia (ISSP UL), Laboratory of Materials for Energy Harvesting and Storage. He received his doctoral degree from Latvian Academy of Science in 1992. The main research areas are chemistry and physics of materials, electrochemistry, solid state ionics, electrical and optical properties of materials, electrochromic phenomena and electrochemical storage devices. During last ten years, G. Bajars is working in the field of preparation and characterization of materials for lithium and sodium ion batteries. He was a head of Solid State Ionics laboratory from 2014 to 2018 and a member of Scientific Council of ISSP UL from 2012 to 2021.
Gunars Bajars is a member of International Societies of Electrochemistry and Solid-State Ionics, national expert in European Commission Batteries Europe Platform WG3 Advanced Materials, as well as an expert for EC Innovation Fund and Horizon Europe research projects in the field of energy storage. The technological development for depositing LiFePO4 thin film coatings to use them on batteries and accumulators in portable electrical appliances and microelectronics was ranked among Top 10 scientific achievements in 2010 in Latvia. During the time period of 1999-2001 he has been a rector of Vidzeme University of Applied Sciences.

presenter: Belakroum Karima
Université of Kasdi Merbah-Ouargla, Algeria

Figure: Simultaneous detection of antibiotics in drinking water.

presenter: Menyar Ben Jaballah
NANOMISENE Laboratory, LR16CRMN01, Centre for Research on Microelectronics and Nanotechnology CRMN of Sousse Technopole. University of Sousse, High School of Sciences and Technology of Hammam, Sousse, Tunisia

presenters: Gloria Gladis Sondakh, Xavier Musonye, M. Fahran Fauzan Tandipanga Daniel A. M. Egbe, David Finger, Reinhold Lang
Reykjavik University, Iceland+ Energieinstitut an der JKU Linz + Institute of Polymeric Materials and Testing, Johannes Kepler University Linz+Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Caturtunggal, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia+ College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda

The ability of heterocyclic amines to form hybrid solar cells at room temperature has recently been demonstrated [1,2]. But the further development of such hybrids requires theoretical research to find appropriate solutions to improve the PV efficiency. To understand the functional features of silicon-organic hybrids at the atomic level, it is necessary to clearly know the geometric, electronic structure and optical characteristics of clonidine and its halogen derivatives as well as their hybrids with silicon. Therefore, the change in electron density in the system due to the replacement of hydrogen atoms by halogens (F, Cl, Br, and I) in the organic part of the hybrids was studied by quantum chemistry. Calculations of electronic structure were performed by the density functional theory (DFT) method with the exchange-correlation functional B3LYP using the base set 3-21G (d, p) with valence cleavage in the FireFly code v.8.2 [3]. Electronic spectra were calculated by the TDDFT (nonstationary DFT) method with the same functional and basic set. Valence MOs in the range of 40x40 were included in the active configuration space. Analysis of the absorption spectra of hybrids with clonidine with a hybrid of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and substituted iodine revealed that in the range of 400-800 nm, the intensity of substituted chlorine is higher, which coincides with the experimental data. It is shown that the formation of a single-center silicon-clonidine hybrid leads to an increase in the UV absorption compared to the original clonidine, and the formation of a silicon-chloride derivative of clonidine hybrid leads to even greater shift of absorption bands to the UV region. The formation of a three- center hybrid leads to the expansion of the absorption in the direction of both long- and short- wavelengths. The inclusion of chlorine atoms in the clonidine increases the absorption capacity of the hybrid. The bond between the organic and the silicon is provided by both nitrogen and two carbon atoms, and a tetrahedral silicon atom on the surface. The bonds can be single-center Si – N and three-center Si – N as well as two-center Si – C; the total energy of the hybrid in the case of a single-center Si – N bond exceeds the energy of the three-center one. Research is in progress.

presenter: Vadym Naumov
V.Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National academy of sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

Presenter: Petro Smertenko
Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

Presenter: Rami El-Bashar
Zewail City of Science and Tecxhnology, Gizeh, Cairo, Egypt